During normal course of operations, if the PM challenges the actions or conditions of the PF and does not receive an appropriate acknowledgment after a second challenge, the PM shall ______________________________.

• A. Notify the PIC
• B. Seek supervisor input
• C. INITIATE A CHANGE IN CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT
• D. Reattempt communication

Answer: (C)

When a PM challenges actions or conditions and there is no proper acknowledgment after a second challenge, the immediate safeguard is to initiate a change in control of the aircraft. This step establishes clear authority and ensures the crew responds to safety concerns without delay. By transferring or reasserting who has the flight controls, the crew avoids continuing with potentially unsafe actions or miscommunications, and it signals to the PF that the safety issue must be addressed immediately.

This approach is a fundamental crewmember collaboration practice: assertive communication paired with a decisive control transfer to maintain safe flight operations. It reduces ambiguity in who is commanding the aircraft and ensures corrective action can be executed promptly.